Aguinaldo and Bonifacio

Miguel Malvar had actually begun his career as a revolutionary under the command of Emilio Aguinaldo. He first joined the fighting at Talisay, the town in the northern Batangas that had been briefly liberated by Aguinaldo's men in October 1896, and he had served under Aguinaldo again during the battle for Zapote Bridge in February 1897. After the last battle, he and his men had withdrawn to Indang, in the southern part of Cavite, and he was still encamped there at the time of the Tejeros meeting.

In the weeks following the Tejeros assembly, Malvar tried to remain on good terms with both Bonifacio and Aguinaldo. While we cannot be certain about why he adopted that course, the sources provide a few suggestive clues. On March 24, 1897, only two days after Aguinaldo had been chosen as president of the revolutionary government, a correspondent identified only as Pepe reported to Aguinaldo that Bonifacio had arrived at Limbon, a barrio of Indang. Pepe did not know why the former supremo had come to Indang or how long he planned to remain, but it seems likely that his major reason for being there was to win the adherence of Miguel Malvar, who had not yet committed himself to honoring the results of the Tejeros meeting. Having been rejected and deposed at Tejeros, Bonifacio was searching desperately for support.
But what did Malvar have to gain by supporting Bonifacio? A possible answer may be found in one of Bonifacio's letters. On April 16, Bonifacio informed Emilio Jacinto that Batangas had recently established a provincial government which recognized his authority, and that the BatangueƱos, under their military leader Miguel Malvar, were planning a simultaneous attack on eight towns. The supremo also reported that, in order to assist the BatangueƱos in their undertaking, he had given them twenty riflemen and twenty bolomen under the command of Artemio Ricarte. Apparently, Bonifacio and Malvar had worked out an arrangement: Malvar had consented to acknowledge Bonifacio's authority, and, in exchange, Bonifacio had agreed to provide military assistance to Malvar, who was short of weapons and ammunition.
At the same time, though, Malvar wanted to avoid alienating Aguinaldo. If Bonifacio could provide him with weapons, Aguinaldo had access to something just as valuable--rice, which was badly needed to feed the troops in the projected operations in Batangas. Thus, while he pledged his loyalty to Bonifacio, Malvar continued to report and direct requests to Aguinaldo. On April 13, he appealed to Aguinaldo and other leaders in Cavite for rice; four days later, he informed Aguinaldo of his plan to lead two thousand men in operations in western Batangas; and, three days after that, he renewed his appeals to Aguinaldo for rice. Intent on fighting the Spaniards, Malvar was forging alliances with anyone who was in a position to provide him with the supplies and equipment he required.
As it turned out, Malvar's flirtation with Bonifacio did not last long. The reinforcements that Bonifacio had pledged never materialized. Ricarte and his troops left Bonifacio's headquarters on April 19 or thereabouts, ostensibly to link up with Malvar's forces, but, inexplicably, Ricarte went into hiding in southern Cavite. Deprived of the promised help, Malvar launched his offensive anyway, but now he found himself fully dependent on Aguinaldo for assistance. Throughout late April and early May 1897, as he fought a series of battles against the Spaniards in Batangas, he and his subordinates communicated with growing frequency with Aguinaldo, requesting rice and other supplies and receiving much of what they asked for. Such assistance notwithstanding, the campaign ended badly, with Malvar being thrashed by Jaramillo at Talisay at the end of May 1897.
The failure of Bonifacio's troops to aid Malvar was not the only reason for the end of the Malvar-Bonifacio liaison. Aguinaldo also contributed to that result. Determined to retain control over the revolutionary government, Aguinaldo decided to isolate his rival. On April 24, he warned the regional government of Batangas that the results of the Tejeros meeting were to be respected:
Two days later, he ordered Bonifacio's arrest and set in motion the legal proceedings that led to the supremo's execution. Now aware of Aguinaldo's determination to prevail, Malvar made no effort to intervene on Bonifacio's behalf.
Carlos Ronquillo, the revolutionary chronicler, narrates the events in Filipino in Ilang talata tungkol sa paghihimagsik (revolucion) nang 1896-97
September
Cavite factions enter Batangas
Cavite factions entered Batangas to bring the revolution against the Spaniards to the province.
October
Miguel Malvar joins Emilio Aguinaldo in Talisay.
Jan 24
Malvar joins Magdalo
Malvar arrives in Imus with 75 men and is received by the Magdalo's Baldomero Aguinaldo.
February
Malvar joins Battle of Zapote Bridge
Malvar is ordered by E. Aguinaldo to reinforce Gen. Evangelista's forces at Zapote Bridge in Bacoor.
March
Malvar promoted as Lt. General
E. Aguinaldo appointed Malvar as commander of Batangas revolutionary forces as Lt. General at Indang, Cavite.
Mar 22
Tejeros convention
E. Aguinaldo is elected President in absentia during the Tejeros assembly. Bonifacio walks out of the proceedings. Malvar was absent during the events at Tejeros and was encamped at Indang.
Mar 23
Acta de Tejeros
Bonifacio repudiates the results of Tejeros and states his reasons in the document known as Acta de Tejeros. Aguinaldo and the other elected officers in Tejeros including Ricarte take their oath of office at Sta. Cruz de Malabon.
Mar 24
Bonifacio sought Malvar at Indang
"Pepe" reports to E. Aguinaldo that Bonifacio had sought Malvar at Limbon, Indang
Apr 13
Malvar writes to E. Aguinaldo asking for rice
Malvar writes to E. Aguinaldo asking for rice for his troops as they prepare for military operations in Batangas.
Apr 14
News of Malvar support for Bonifacio reaches Aguinaldo
Santiago Rillo de Leon reports to Aguinaldo that Malvar had been loaning rifles to Bonifacio.
Apr 16
Naic Government sends Rifles
In response to a request from the Regional Government of Batangas, 27 rifles are provided by the Naic Government to Malvar.
Apr 16
Bonifacio writes Jacinto of his plans to join Malvar
Bonifacio writes to Jacinto informing the latter of his plans to establish his base in Lipa, Batangas with Malvar's forces. Bonifacio commits to provide Malvar with riflemen and bolomen under Ricarte's command.
Apr 17
Malvar informs Aguinaldo of pending Batangas operations
Malvar informs E. Aguinaldo of his plan to lead two thousand men in operations in western Batangas.
Apr 18
Naic Military agreement. Bonifacio moves to Limbon.
Bonifacio decided to establish another government independent from that of Aguinaldo under the Naic Military agreement. Bonifacio departs Naic and moves to Limbon.
Apr 19
Ricarte "disappears"
Ricarte leaves Bonifacio's headquarters at Naic, and instead of joining Malvar to reinforce his army as committed, disappears and goes into hiding.
Apr 20
Malvar renewed his appeal to E. Aguinaldo for rice.
Apr 24
Aguinaldo writes Malvar
E. Aguinaldo warns the regional government of Batangas (through a letter) to abide by the terms of the Tejeros agreement.
Apr 24
Bonifacio orders burning of town.
The town head of Indang asks the government at Naic for relief from Bonifacio's soldiers levying contributions of food and provisions from the town families. Bonifacio ordered the burning of the town, starting with the convent and the church.
Apr 27
Bonifacio brothers arrested.
Andres Bonifacio and his brother, Procopio Bonifacio, are arrested in Limbon by Col. Agapito Bonzon.
May 10
Bonifacio brothers executed
The Bonifacio brothers are executed in Maragondon after being tried and sentenced for sedition.
Apr-May
Malvar fights Spaniards in Batangas.
May 28
Malvar and troops aids Aguinaldo escape
Malvar and his troops serve as rearguard to E. Aguinaldo in the latter's escape from Silang towards the haven of Biak na Bato.
May 30
Malvar takes Talisay but eventually defeated by Jaramillo
Malvar takes Talisay in the only notable engagement in the month of May as all Magdalo and Magdiwang resistance in the field was now suppressed. Jaramillo beats Malvar and drives him out of Talisay shortly in the final battle that marked the end of the third phase of the revolution.